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"[ABSTRAKBerdasarkan Undang-undang No. 11 Tahun 1953, Bank Indonesia secara resmi ditetapkan sebagai bank sentral Republik Indonesia, mengantikan De Javasche Bank (Bank Jawa) yang telah menjadi bank sirkulasi sejak era kolonial. Dalam perkembangannya, tidak mudah bagi Bank Indonesia untuk menjadi bank sentral yang independen, dikarenakan tuntutan situasi ekonomi, sosial, dan politik pada masa itu. Misalnya, Bank Indonesia tetap memertahankan fungsinya sebagai bank umum, di samping menjalankan fungsi sebagai bank sirkulasi. Tidak independennya Bank Indonesia turut menimbulkan konflik kepentingan. Pemerintah kerap meminta bantuan pada Bank Indonesia untuk menalangi defisit anggaran dengan cara politik monetisasi (pencetakan uang) yang bersifat inflatoir. Akhirnya, pada tahun 1968, diterbitkan undang-undang baru yang bermaksud mengembalikan fungsi Bank Indonesia sebagai bank sentral. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah yang memiliki empat tahapan, yakni heuristik, kritik, intepretasi, dan historiografi.

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ABSTRACT

;Accordance with Act No. 11 of 1953, Bank Indonesia was legally assigned as a central bank for Republic of Indonesia, replacing De Javasche Bank (Java Bank) which had been the circulation bank since colonial era. During further period, because of political, economic, and social demands, it was not easy for Bank Indonesia to become independent. For example, Bank Indonesia retained its function as commercial bank, while it operated as circulation bank also. This action eventually lead towards conflict of interest. Government frequently asked Bank Indonesia to bail deficit of budget with monetization policy (issuing money), which had inflationary impact. At last, in 1968, new bill was passed to restore the real function of central bank. This research uses historical method which is consist of four continued actions, specifically: heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and then historiography.

, Accordance with Act No. 11 of 1953, Bank Indonesia was legally assigned as a central bank for Republic of Indonesia, replacing De Javasche Bank (Java Bank) which had been the circulation bank since colonial era. During further period, because of political, economic, and social demands, it was not easy for Bank Indonesia to become independent. For example, Bank Indonesia retained its function as commercial bank, while it operated as circulation bank also. This action eventually lead towards conflict of interest. Government frequently asked Bank Indonesia to bail deficit of budget with monetization policy (issuing money), which had inflationary impact. At last, in 1968, new bill was passed to restore the real function of central bank. This research uses historical method which is consist of four continued actions, specifically: heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and then historiography.

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"JIMD reports publishes case and short research reports in the area of inherited metabolic disorders. Case reports highlight some unusual or previously unrecorded feature relevant to the disorder, or serve as an important reminder of clinical or biochemical features of a mendelian disorder."

"This study aims to investigate whether there is seawater intrusion into the coastal-aquifer of the northern coast of Central Java and to study the seawater intrusion movement along the corresponding coastal area, particularly from the district of Brebes to Kendal. Geo-electrical sounding technique was applied by producing cross-section of resistivity value which were perpendicular to the eleven locations at the same spot. Resistivity shown in the cross section is the resistivity of the rock composition and the water in the aquifer. In this case, saline water has resistivity less than 1 ohm meter. Result shows that in 1989, among the eleven measured locations, there was only one location indicated interface between fresh water and saline water. This was at the cross section number 5 obtained in Pemalang. In 1996, there were 6 locations indicated the occurrence of interface. Connate saline water was detected at every cross section with various depths."