Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Metode mutakhir, dosis dan hasil pengobatan medik taeniasis/ sistiserkosis, penyakit zoo-parasitik yang disebabkan Taenia solium dan Taenia saginata dibahas. Pada kasus sistiserkosis T. solium, khususnya neurosistiserkosis waktu optimal dan dosis untuk sistiserkosis dengan albendazol adalah selama 8 hari, 15 mg/kg/hari dibagi untuk dua kali sehari ditambah prednison 50 mg/hari pada pagi hari. Obat ini efektif terhadap parasit di hampir semua lokasi sebanyak yaitu 80-90% terhadap kista yang makroskopik tampak dengan cara imaging. Untuk taeniasis dosis tunggal prazikuantel, 10-15 mg/kg memberi hasil angka penyembuhan lebih dari 90%. Efek samping ringan seperti nausea, sakit kepala dan perut dapat ditemulan. Evaluasi terapi dengan obat dilakukan berdasarkan evaluasi klinik, radiologi dan serologi. Di Papua (=Irian Jaya) sembilan kasus dengan diagnosis kemungkinan neurosistiserkosis, sero-positif, telah diterapi dengan albendazol, 1200 mg dosis tunggal selama 15 hari. Ditambah dengan prednison, tiga kali sehari 1 tablet, 5 mg selama 7 hari. Setelah setahun 6 kasus masih tetap sero-positif. Pada waktu yang sama prazikuantel, 1200 mg, dosis tunggal diberikan kepada sepuluh pasien selama 15 hari dengan prednison, 3 kali sehari 1 tablet, 5mg selama 7 hari. Setelah setahun 5 kasus masih tetap sero-positif. Kedua-duanya, albendazol dan prazikuantel, adalah obat yang efektif terhadap taeniasis dan sistiserkosis dengan efek samping ringan. Terapi simptomatik diberikan bilamana dianggap perlu. (Med J Indones 2005; 14:253-7)

---

Recent methods, doses and results of medical treatment on taeniasis/cysticercosis, a zoo-notic parasitic disease caused by Taenia solium and Taenia saginata are discussed. In cases of cysticercosis T. solium, especially neurocysticercosis the optimal length and dose of albendazole is a course of 8 days with doses of 15 mg/kg/day divided in two times added by 50 mg/day of prednisone in the morning. The drug is effective in almost any location of the parasites for 80-90% of macroscopic cysts seen by imaging studies. For taeniasis a single dose of praziquantel, 10-15 mg/kg achieves cure rates of more than 90%. Side effects such as nausea, headache and abdominal pain are mild. Evaluation of drug treatment is done by clinical, radiological and serological evaluation. In Papua (=Irian Jaya) nine cases with suspected neurocysticercosis, serologically positive, were treated with 1200 mg single dose albendazole for 15 days. Prednisone tablets, three times daily one tablet, 5 mg during 7 days were added. After one year 6 cases were still serologic positive. At the same time praziquantel, 1200 mg, single dose was given to ten cases during 15 days and prednisone tablets, 3 times daily one tablet, 5 mg during 7 days. After one year 5 sero-positive cases were still found. Albendazole and praziquantel are both effective drugs for taeniasis and cysticercosis, with minor side effects. In addition symptomatic treatment should be given if necessary. (Med J Indones 2005; 14:253-7)"

"Daerah Jayawijaya, termasuk Kecamatan Wamena dan Assologaima, adalah daerah yang hiperendemis penyakit taeniasis/sistiserkosis. Dikatakan bahwa taeniasis/sistiserkosis adalah penyakit yang disebut penyakit rumah tangga yaitu suatu penyakit dengan karakteristik sebagai berikut: sering dijumpai lebih dari 1 anggota keluarga di suatu rumah tangga yang terinfeksi penyakit tersebut. Tujuan studi ini adalah mendapat gambaran taeniasis/sistiserkosis pada keluarga yang tinggal di satu komplek perumahan (silimo) dan mengetahui distribusi penderita sistiserkosis yang tinggal bersama penderita taeniasis (adult worm carriers). Telah dilakukan studi terbatas terhadap adanya antibodi terhadap antigen Taenia solium dan tes ELISA-coproantigen. Tes imunoblot menggunakan glikoprotein yang dimurnikan (GP) yang bertindak sebagai antigen Taenia solium. Antibodi anti-sistiserkosis yang terdeteksi sebesar 51.7% dari 89 sampel serum manusia. Angka seroprevalensi ini pada keluarga di Kecamatan Wamena (68.4%, 26/38) lebih tinggi dibandingkan di Kecamatan Assologaima (35.3%, 18/51), pada laki-laki (61.2%, 30/49) lebih banyak yang terinfeksi dari perempuan (40.0, 16/40). Disamping itu ELISA-coproantigen yang terdeteksi positif sebesar 2.4% (3/42) hanya ditemukan pada keluarga di Assologaima, sedangkan pada 5 keluarga di Kecamatan Wamena maupun Assologaima ditemukan anggota keluarga seropositif tanpa adanya individu coproantigen positif di rumah komplek masing-masing. Di daerah hiperendemis taeniasis/sistiserkosis seorang dapat terinfeksi oleh keluarganya yang tinggal bersama di silimo maupun mendapat infeksi ini dari keluarga lain. Semua penderita taeniasis mengkontaminasi lingkungan.

---

Taeniasis/cysticercosis among family members in villages of Jayawijaya District, Papua. The area of Jayawijaya, including the Subdistricts of Wamena and Assologaima, is a hyperendemic area of taeniasis/cysticercosis. The disease is considered as a household disease because often if one family member is infected with the disease we can also expect other family members with the same disease. The aim of this study is to obtain data on the condition of taeniasis/cysticercosis in families living in a complex of houses (silimo) and to know the distribution of cysticercosis patients living together with taeniasis patients (adult worm carriers). A limited study was conducted using a test on the detection of antibodies against antigen Taenia solium and the ELISA-coproantigen test. The immunoblot test used purified glycoproteins (GP) as a Taenia solium antigen. Antibodies anti-cysticercosis were detected in 51.7% of 89 human sera samples. The seroprevalence of families in Wamena (68.4%, 26/38) was higher in comparison with that in Assologaima (35.3%, 18/51), men (61.2%, 30/49) were more infected than women (40.0, 16/40). In addition positive ELISA-coproantigen was found in 2.4% (3/42) of the families in Assologaima, whereas in 5 families in Wamena as well as in Assologaima family members were found seropositive without an individu with coproantigen positive in their families living in their respectively silimo?s. In hyperendemic areas of taeniasis/cysticercosis one can be infected by his family living in the same complex of houses as well as by other families. All adult worm carriers are contaminating the whole environment."

"Taeinia saginata dan Taeinia solium ditemukan di seluruh dunia, khususnya di negara-negara berkembang. Kedua jeniscacing pita ini hidup dalam rongga usus halus. Hospes perantaranya adalah ternak dan babi. Gejala-gejala beratditemukan bilamana T. solium menginfeksi sistim saraf pusat. Kasus-kasus dengan kejang epilepsi dan perilakuabnormal sering ditemukan di daerah endemis. Di Mexico diantara 68.754 sampel serum manusia 0,06-2,97%ditemukan positif untuk cysticercosis. Rupa-rupanya ada hubungan antara angka sero-prevalensi yang tinggi dengantingkat keadaan sosio-ekonomi yang rendah. Di berbagai negara di Amerika Latin ditemukan prevalensi antara 0,1-8,7%, sedangkan prevalensi berkisar antara 0,05-10,4% di Asia dan Afrika. Di Indonesia taeniasis/sistiserkosis terutamaditemukan di tiga provinsi yaitu Sumatera Utara, Bali dan Irian Jaya (Papua). Sejumlah kasus juga ditemukan diLampung, Sulawesi Utara, Sulawesi Tenggara, Nusa Tenggara Timur dan Kalimantan Barat. Di Indonesia prevalensitaeniasis/sistiserkosis berkisar antara 1,0-42,7%. Prevalensi tertinggi ditemukan di Irian Jaya. Tidak banyak laporanmengenai sistiserkosis pada ternak di dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Pengumpulan data epidemiologi seperti tentangprevalensi dan distribusi diperlukan supaya program penanggulangan berhasil. Disamping itu perlu dilakukanpenyuluhan kesehatan di masyarakat pada tiap program penaggulanganPrevalence and distribution of Taeniasis and Cysticercosis. Taenia saginata and Taenia solium are found throughthe whole world, especially in developing countries. These tapeworms live in the small intestines of humans. Cattle andpigs are the intermediate animal hosts. Serious signs and symptoms are found if T. solium is infecting the centralnervous system. Cases with epileptic seizures and abnormal behavior are often found in endemic areas. In Mexicoamong 68.754 human serum samples 0,06-2,97% were found positive for cysticercosis. Apparently there was anassociation between high sero prevalence rates and low socio-economic conditions. In several countries in LatinAmerica, prevalences were between 0,1-8,7%, whereas prevalences between 0,05-10,4% were detected in Asia andAfrica. In Indonesia taeniasis/cysticercosis are mostly found in three provinces i.e. North Sumatra, Bali and Irian Jaya.Cases were also discovered in North Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi, East Nusa Tenggara and West Kalimantan. Theprevalences of taeniasis/cysticercosis in Indonesia were between 1,0-42,7%. The highest prevalence rate was in IrianJaya (Papua). Not many reports are available for cysticercosis in cattle and in pigs in the world, including Indonesia.The collection of epidemiological data such as on prevalence rates and distribution are needed for a successful controlprogram. In addition community health education should be implemented in control programs."

"Dilaporkan kasus seorang perempuan Bali, berumur 33 tahun, agama Hindu dengan nodul multipel sistiserkosis di bawah kulit dan otak. Ditemukan gejala kejang sejak remaja yang kemudian tidak diobati. Sejak tiga tahun sebelum dirawat di rumah sakit, penderita menemukan nodul multipel di dalam kulit, mulai pada dahi dan sejak setahun yang lalu juga di bagian lain dari kepala dan tubuh, seperti pada bahu, dada dan punggung. Ternyata sampel serum yang diperiksa dengan cara immunoblot positif terhadap antigen Taenia solium. Hasil tes kopro-antigen yang juga positif memberi petunjuk adanya cacing dewasa T. solium di usus. Penderita diterapi dengan prazikuantel terhadap infeksi dengan cacing dewasa dan kemudian dengan albendazol terhadap stadium larva, yang berupa kista. Tidak berhasil ditemukan cacing dewasa di dalam tinja 24 jam. Setelah tiga minggu jumlah kista yang teraba di dalam kulit sangat berkurang, demikian juga di dalam otak. Setelah setahun tes imunoblot masih positif. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 169-73)

---

A case of multiple subcutaneous and cerebral cysticercosis in a 33-year-old Balinese female, is reported. The patient suffered from seizures since adolescence, which was not treated. Since three years before admission she started developing multiple nodules in the skin, starting from her forehead and since a year ago also in other parts of the head and body such as shoulders, chest and back. Serum sample tested against cysticercus antigen by immunoblot assay against antigen of Taenia solium was positive. The copro-antigen test was also positive, indicating the presence of the adult worm in the intestines. The patient was treated with praziquantel for the adult T. solium infection and thereafter with albendazole for the larval stages, which resulted in obvious reduction of the cerebral cysts and most of the subcutaneous nodules disappeared. However the adult worm was not recovered in the 24 hours stool specimen and after one year the immunoblot test was still positive. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 169-73)"

"Sistiserkosis adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh stadium larva Taenia solium (cacing pita babi), sedangkan taeniasis solium disebabkan cacing dewasa yang hidup di dalam rongga usus halus manusia. Penyakit ini sampai sekarang terutama ditemukan di tiga propinsi yaitu Bali, Sumatera Utara dan Papua. Prevalensi tertinggi ditemukan di Propinsi Papua pada tahun 1997 yaitu 42.7%. Studi kasus kontrol ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian sistiserkosis di Kecamatan Wamena, Kabupaten Jayawijaya. Kelompok kasus ini merupakan seluruh penderita sisterserkosis berusia lebih dari 8 tahun yangditemukan melalui kuesioner pada surveri Tarniasis, Sistiserkosis dan Neurosistiserkosis yang dilaksanakan oleh tim bulan Januari sampai dengan Februari 2002, sedangkan kelompok kontrol diambil secara acak dari orang yang tidak menderita sistiserkosis pada survei tersebut. Diagnosis sistiserkosis ditentukan dengan pemeriksaan ELISA terhadap serum antibodi parasit tersebut baik pada kasus maupun kontrol. Dari seluruh variabel yang ditelliti didapatkan beberapa faktor yang secara statistik berhubungan bermakna dengan kejadian sistiserkosis setelah dikontrol secara bersamaan yaitu cuci tangan (OR 4.9 95% CI:2.55-9.61), jenis pekerjaan (OR 2.11 95% CI:1,14-4\3.91), frekuensi mandi (OR 2.59% CI: 1.31-5.12), jenis sumber air bersih (OR 2.41 95 CI:1.31-4.44) dan tempat buang air besar (OR 6.25 95% CI:3.14-12.44). Perlu dilakukan pendidikankesehatan kepada masyarakat tentang hal hal sebagai berikur: kebiasaan mencuci tangan, pentingnya mandi dengan menggunakan air bersi serta membuang air besar pada tempat yang terlindung. Pemerintah daerah perlu mengadakan saranan air bersih da n sarana umum untuk tempat buang air besar. Factors Associated With Occurrence of Cysticercosis Among Wamena People’s, at Jayawijaya District, PapuaProvince, In 2002. Cysticercosis is a disease caused by the larva of Taenia solium, the pig tapeworm, whereas taeniasissolium is caused by the adult worm, which lives in the small human intestines. The prevalence oftaeniasis/cysticercosis in Indonesia varies from 1.0% to 42.7% and until now is found predominantly in three provincesi.e. Bali, North Sumatera and Papua. The highest prevalence was found in Papua during the year 1997 (42,7%). Thiscase-control study was designed for finding factors in connection with the existing cysticercosis in Sub-districtWamena, District Jawawijaya. The number of cases consisted of all patients suffering from cysticercosis aged morethan 8 years, found by questionaires during a survey for Taeniasis, Cysticercosis and Neurocysticercosis, conducted bythe team from January till February 2002 and the control group consisted of individuals without cysticercosis during thesurvey. The diagnosis of cysticercosis was determined with ELISA by antibody detection of the parasites in the serumof both groups. Among the total number of variables several factors were found significantly associated with theexistence of cysticercosis after calculation as a whole i.e. washing hands (OR 4.9 95%CI:2.55-9.61), profession (OR2.11 95%CI:1.14-3.91), frequency of bathing (OR 2.59 95%CI:1.31-5.13), source of clean water (OR 2.41 95%CI:1.31-4.44) and sanitation (OR 6.25 95%CI:3.14-12.44). Community health education is recommended on topics such as thehabit of washing hands, bathing with clean water and using standard toilets. It is suggested that the local governmentprovides clean water facilities and general sanitation facilities."

"Latar Belakang. Trikuriasis sulit diobati dengan antihelmintik dosis tunggal. Tingkat kesembuhan yang lebih tinggi dapat dicapai dengan pengobatan albendazol dan mebendazol triple dose, tetapi, hasil antar penelitian tidak konsisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas albendazol dan mebendazol triple dose pada trikuriasis. Metode. Penelitian randomized controlled trial telah dilaksanakandi sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Pandeglang, Provinsi Banten, Indonesia pada Juli- Agustus 2018; melibatkan 382 anak. Sampel feses diambil dan diperiksa secara mikroskopis dengan metode Kato Katz untuk mengidentifikasi keberadaan telur. Feses yang positif T.trichiura diacak dan dibagi menjadi: kelompok yang diberikan albendazol 400 mg dan mebendazol 500 mg triple dose. Pada hari ke-14 pasca pengobatan, sampel feses diperiksa kembali untuk menghitung tingkat kesembuhandan laju penurunan telur. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 20. Hasil. Prevalensi infeksi soil transmitted helminths adalah 42%, trikuriasis adalah 25,1%, dan askariasis adalah 29,8%. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada intensitas infeksi (uji Wilcoxon, p<0,01) sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Kedua kelompok menunjukkan tingkat kesembuhan (mebendazol 95,2%, albendazol 85,4%, uji Fisher Exact, p=0,125) dan laju penurunan telur yang tinggi (mebendazol 99%, albendazol 96%, uji Mann Whitney, p=0,110). Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada tingkat kesembuhan dan laju penurunan telur. Kesimpulan. Albendazol triple dose memiliki efektivitas yang sama dengan mebendazol tripledose pada pengobatan trikuriasis.

---

Background. Trichuriasis is difficult to treat with a single dose of anthelmintic. Higher cure rates were achieved with triple-dose albendazole and mebendazole treatment, however, results between studies were inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of albendazole and mebendazole triple dose in tricuriasis. Method. A randomized controlled trial has been conducted

at an elementary school in Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province, Indonesia in July-August 2018; involving 382 children. Stool samples were taken and examined microscopically by the Kato Katz method to identify the presence of eggs. Stools that were positive for T. trichiura were randomized and divided into: groups given albendazole 400 mg and mebendazole 500 mg triple dose. On the 14th post-treatment day, the stool sample was re-examined to calculate the cure rate

and egg drop rate. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results. The prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths infection was 42%, trichuriasis was 25.1%, and ascariasis was 29.8%. There was a significant difference in the intensity of infection (Wilcoxon test, p<0.01) before and after the intervention. Both groups showed cure rates (mebendazole 95.2%, albendazole 85.4%, Fisher's Exact test, p=0.125) and high egg decline rates (mebendazole 99%, albendazole 96%, Mann Whitney test, p=0.110). There was no significant difference in the cure rate and egg decline rate. Conclusion. Triple dose albendazole has the same effectiveness as mebendazole triple

dose in the treatment of trichuriasis."

"Albendazol 400mg dosis tunggal adalah antelmintik yang direkomendasikan WHO untuk memberantas STH, namun obat tersebut hanya efektif untuk memberantas Ascaris lumbricoides dan tidak efektif terhadap trikuriasis sehingga dosis perlu ditingkatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas albendazol 400mg triple dose dalam pengobatan infeksi cacing usus pada anak berusia 1-15 tahun di desa Perobatang, Sumba Barat Daya. Desain penelitian adalah pre-post study. Data diambil dua kali, yaitu pada 12 Juli 2016 dan 26 Juli 2016. Orang tua subjek/subjek diminta untuk mengumpulkan feses, kemudian dibuat sediaan kato katz dan sampel feses diperiksa secara mikroskopis. Subjek yang positif diberikan albendazol triple dose dan sampel feses diperiksa kembali untuk mengetahui cure rate CR dan egg reduction rate ERR dua minggu setelah intervensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 246 sampel, didapatkan 192 anak 78 positif STH dan turun menjadi 66 anak 27 setelah intervensi. Pengobatan albendazol triple dose efektif untuk mengobati infeksi cacing tambang sebanyak 24 anak yang terinfeksi cacing tambang seluruhnya sembuh dan A.lumbricoides CR = 97 ; ERR = 100 , tetapi kurang efektif untuk infeksi T.trichiura CR=61 dan ERR= 91 . Meskipun demikian, rerata hitung telur T.trichiura sebelum dan dua minggu setelah pengobatan menurun secara bermakna uji Wilcoxon.

---

Single dose albendazole 400 mg is an anthelmintic which is recommended by WHO to eliminate the STH infection. However, it is only effective to eliminate Ascaris lumbricoides, but ineffective against trichuriasis thus, the dosage needs to be increased. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of triple dose albendazole 400mg in eliminating the intestinal helminth infections on children aged 1 ndash 15 years in Perobatang village, Southwest Sumba. This study was designed as a pre post study. Data were collected twice on 12th July 2016 and 26th July 2016. Subjects or their parents were asked to collect the stool, then the stool samples were examined using the Kato Katz method for microscopic examination. Subjects infected with STH were given albendazole triple dose and their stool samples were collected again to determine the cure rate CR and egg reduction rate ERR at 2 week post treatment. As much as 246 subjects were conducted, 192 of them 78 were positive with STH infections and decrease to 66 subjects 27 after treatment. Treatment with albendazole triple dose was effective against hookworm all the 24 samples with hookworm infection was entirely cured and A. lumbricoides CR 97 ERR 99.98 , while albendazole triple dose was still ineffective against T.trichiura CR 61 and ERR 90.87 although the wilcoxon test for T.trichiura showed a significant reduction egg count epg before and 2 week after treatment p 0.001 . Overall, the infection rate at 2 week after treatment decreased significantly McNemar test, p 0,001 . It can be concluded that the triple dose albendazole 400mg is effective against ascariasis, but ineffective against trichuriasis. Further research is required to adjust the dosage or to consider using another anthelmintic to enhance the effectiveness in eliminating trichuriasis."

"ABSTRACTKebijakan pemberantasan Soil Transmitted Helminths saat ini adalah menggunakan albendazol oral dosis tunggal namun, metode tersebut hanya efektif terhadap Ascaris lumbricoides dan tidak untuk Trichuris trichiura. Albendazol triple dose lebih efektif dari dosis tunggal namun sulit diimplementasikan sehingga diperlukan antelmintik yang memiliki efektifitas serupa dengan frekuensi pemberian lebih mudah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas mebendazol 500mg double dose dan albendazol 400mg triple dose dalam pengobatan trikuriasis. Randomized controlled trial dilakukan pada anak-anak berusia 1-15 tahun di desa Pero, Sumba Barat Daya pada bulan Juli 2016. Sebanyak 303 anak diminta mengumpulkan tinja kemudian diperiksa dengan metode Kato-Katz untuk mengetahui prevalensi trikuriasis dan anak yang positif dibagi dua kelompok secara acak. Kelompok pertama diberi albendazol triple dose dan kelompok kedua diberikan mebendazol double dose. Dua minggu setelah pengobatan dilakukan pemeriksaan tinja untuk mengetahui angka kesembuhan pengobatan. Dari 303 anak yang diperiksa didapatkan 190 subjek positif T.trichiura prevalensi 62,7, kemudian diambil 47 subjek berdasarkan rumus besar sampel untuk masing-masing kelompok. Proporsi trikuriasis setelah pengobatan albendazol triple dose adalah 38,3 sedangkan mebendazol double dose 36,2. Pada uji McNemar tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna pada kedua jenis pengobatan p> 0,05. Angka kesembuhan albendazol triple dose 61,7 dan mebendazol double dose 63,8. Tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna pada angka kesembuhan tersebut uji chi square p>0,05. Disimpulkan mebendazol double dose sama efektifnya dengan albendazol triple dose. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui efektivitas mebendazol double dose dengan triple dose dalam pengobatan trikuriasis.

---

ABSTRACTThe current STH eradication policy is to use single dose oral albendazole, however this treatment is only effective against Ascaris lumbricoides and not for Trichuris trichiura. Albendazole triple dose is more effective than single dose but is difficult to implement so an antelmintic that has similar effectiveness but less delivery frequency is required. This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of mebendazole 500mg double dose and albendazole 400mg in the treatment of trichuriasis. A randomized controlled trial was conducted on children aged 1 15 years old in Pero village, Southwest Sumba in July 2016. A total of 303 children were asked to collect feces and then examined by Kato Katz method to determine the prevalence of positive trichuriasis, afterwards the children were divided into groups by random. The first group was given triple dose and the second group was given double dose mebendazole. Two weeks after the treatment, the stools were reexamined to determine the rate of cure of treatment. Of 303 children examined, 190 subjects were T.trichiura positive prevalence 62,7 , then 47 subjects based on the sample formula were selected for each group. The proportion of trichuriasis after treatment of albendazoe triple dose was 38.3 while mebendazole double dose was 36.3. In McNemar test, there was no significant difference between the two treatments p 0.05. Cure rate of albendazole double dose was 61.7 and mebendazole double dose was 63.8. There was no significant difference in the cure rate chi square test p 0.05. In conclusion, mebendazole double dose is as effective as albendazole triple dose. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of mebendazole double dose and triple dose in the treatment of trichuriasis. "

"Ascaris lumbricoides termasuk kelompok nematoda usus yang dapat menimbulkan malnutrisi pada individu yang memiliki sistem imun lemah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeteksi dan mengetahui persentase infeksi submikroskopis dari A. lumbricoides, dengan sampel feses anak usia 5-18 tahun di Nangapanda, menggunakan metode real-time PCR. Sampel feses dikoleksi selama dua kali, yaitu pre dan post treatment albendazole 400 mg. Total sampel yaitu 242, tetapi yang digunakan dengan uji real-time PCR hanya 45 sampel negatif secara mikroskopis. Sampel diisolasi kemudian dilakukan running realtime PCR. Primer yang digunakan berasal dari daerah target ITS-1. Daerah ITS-1 dipilih karena memiliki laju mutasi yang tinggi dan mampu menbedakan Ascaris dengan cacing lain. Real-time PCR mampu mendeteksi kuantitas DNA A. lumbricoides dalam jumlah yang sedikit. Deteksi sampel menggunakan realtime PCR menghasilkan kurva amplifikasi pada fluorophore VIC. Dua sampel (4,4%) pada pre treatment termasuk dalam low load of DNA (Ct > 35) dan lima sampel (11,4%) pada post treatment termasuk moderate load of DNA (30 < Ct < 35). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa real-time PCR dapat mendeteksi infeksi submikroskopis.

---

Ascaris lumbricoides is an intestinal nematode that can cause malnutrition, in the individual with weak immune system. The aim of this research is to detect and know the percentage of submicroscopic infection of A. lumbricoides, from human faecal samples (5-18 years) in Nangapanda by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The faecal samples were collected in two times period, before and after treatment using 400 mg of Albendazole. Total samples were 242 but only 45 negative samples from microscopic detection were tested with realtime PCR. The samples were isolated and amplified with real-time PCR, by using primer from target area of internally transcribed spacer (ITS-1). ITS-1 region was chosen due to its high rate mutation and ability to differentiate Ascaris with the other helminth parasites. Real-time PCR can detect low load of A. lumbricoides DNA. Detection of samples with real-time PCR generated amplification curve in VIC fluorophore. Two samples (4.4%) in pre treatment were low load of DNA (Ct > 35) and five samples (11.4%) in post treatment were moderate load of DNA (30 < Ct < 35). The result showed that real-time PCR can detect submicroscopic infection of A. lumbricoides."