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"Seberapa besar pengaruh tata letak mesin maupun sarana pendukung pabrik terhadap efektivitas dan efisiensi produksi selama ini masih sulit diketahui secara pasti. Yang jelas sejak suatu produk direncanakan untuk diproduksi langkah awal yang dilakukan salah satunya adalah penentuan tata letak pabrik dan aliran proses produksinya. Pada saat itu efisiensi produksi akan tercapai sesuai yang telah direncanakan, namun kondisi tersebut akan segera berubah mengingat perubahan-perubahan permintaan konsumen dan kebijakan pengelola pabrik akan selalu terjadi. Sayang antisipasi keadaan tersebut terkadang membawa ke perubahan tata letak pabrik yang justru menjadi penyebab menurunnya tingkat efisiensi produksi.Hal itu juga dialami PT Delphi Automotive System Indonesia perusahaan perakit harness untuk kendaraan, dimana kenaikan permintaan dan kebijakan single show telah menimbulkan kondisi tata letak pabrik yang tidak lagi sesuai. Untuk itu dilakukan perancangan ulang pada produk harness S-truck yang memiliki kenaikan permintaan dan jumlah output produk paling tinggi.Terlebih dahulu area produk yang lain dipisahkan untuk mempermudah perancangan, setelah itu proses perancangan ulang dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik konvensional. Dimulai dengan perbaikan aliran material, perhitungan ulang penggunaan mesin, kebutuhan area produksi dan gudang, sena peralatan pemindah material. Terakhir dibuat gambar tata letak yang disarankan untuk diterapkan di perusahaan. Secara umum hasil dari perancangan ulang tata letak proses produk harness S-Tmck adalah sebagai berikut :1. Proses Sub assy grommet, mounting, taping, inspeksi dan packing dipindah letaknya mendekati proses Komax dan Gudang untuk memperkecil jarak, sehingga terjadi pengurangan jarak pergerakan material sebesar 407 m.2. Untuk memperkecil jarak perubahan pola tata letak teijadi dari pola L menjadi pola U3. Tata letak yang tadinya cenderung berkonsep product layout berubah menjadi process layout untuk lebih mengoptimalkan proses dan mesin.4. Perubahan jam kerja dan besarnya kenaikan permintaan dapat diatasi dengan penambahan beberapa mesin yaitu Komax dan Conveyor.Metode perancangan ulang tata letak pada produk S-Truck diharapkan juga dilakukan pada area untuk produk yang lain untuk mendapatkan peningkatan efisiensi yang lebih signifikan.

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The effect of machine and plant facilities for production affectivity and efficiency was not clearly known. All that we knew since a product was planned to produce, one of the first step that we will do is determining the plant layout and process flow. In that time the production efficiency should achieve according to the plan, but soon it would change since there are developing in production activity such as the fluctuation of customer order and also due to management decision. And such change will be come to every production activity whether- we like it or not. Unfortunately the anticipation of that condition sometime create a change in plant layout that cause level of production efficiency decrease.

PT Delphi Automotive system Indonesia a wiring hamess manufacturer company, also experience this condition, since the total order was dropped, management decided to reduce working hour from 16 hour/day ( 2 shift ) become 8 hour (1 shift ) but contrary in S-truck hamess the customer order was increased so this the urgent action was need to overcome this condition including changed the production layout.

During the re-layout process that used conventional technique, other plant section was separated. First step was improve material flow, than ' recount the machinery capacity, calculated the need of production and warehouse area and also the material movement tools and after design of layout was completed, it will be presented to the company. Generally the important result of Re-layout process for S-truck harness are :

1. In order to reduce material movement, process sub assy grommet, taping, inspection, and packing was moved closer to the Komax and warehouse area, cause elimination of material movement for 407 m long.

2. The pattern of layout was change -from ?L? shape to become ?U? shape. This change also reduce the distance of every workstation.

3. The layout concept change from ?product layout? into ?process layout.

4. And as result, the problem that happened due to change of working hour and increase of customer requirement can be solved by adding some machinery (Komax and Conveyor).

This Re-layout activity for S-truck harness will also be implemented for the other products to get more significant increase of production efficiency."

"Praktik Kerja Profesi Apoteker di PT. SamMarie Tramedifa bertujuan agar mahasiswa memahami peran apoteker dan penerapan Cara Distribusi Obat yang Baik (CDOB) di distributor farmasi. Topik tugas khusus yang diangkat pada praktik kerja ini adalah modifikasi penandaan rak sediaan farmasi yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas distribusi di PT. SamMarie Tramedifa. Modifikasi penandaan rak sediaan farmasi dilakukan dengan memberi penandaan nomor pada setiap rak, memisahkan pemisahan cairan berdasarkan merk, memberi penandaan alfabetis, memberi penandaan produk rThe purpose of the professional pharmacy internship at PT. SamMarie Tramedifa is to enable students to understand the role of pharmacists and the implementation of Good Distribution Practices (GDP) in pharmaceutical distribution. The specific topic of this internship is the modification of the labeling of pharmaceutical storage shelves, with the goal of enhancing distribution effectiveness at PT. SamMarie Tramedifa. The modification of the pharmaceutical storage shelf labeling involves assigning a unique number to each shelf, separating liquids by brand, providing alphabetical labeling, providing cold chain products labeling, providing labeling examples for precursor drugs and specific medications, and categorizing the type of medication on each shelf.

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The purpose of the professional pharmacy internship at PT. SamMarie Tramedifa is to enable students to understand the role of pharmacists and the implementation of Good Distribution Practices (GDP) in pharmaceutical distributors. The specific topic of this internship is the modification of the labeling of pharmaceutical storage shelves, with the goal of enhancing distribution effectiveness at PT. SamMarie Tramedifa. Modification of the labeling of pharmaceutical storage shelves is carried out by marking each shelf with a number, separating the liquid separation based on the brand, providing alphabetical marking, and marking the product. The purpose of the professional pharmacy internship at PT. SamMarie Tramedifa is to enable students to understand the role of pharmacists and the implementation of Good Distribution Practices (GDP) in pharmaceutical distribution. The specific topic of this internship is the modification of the labeling of pharmaceutical storage shelves, with the goal of enhancing distribution effectiveness at PT. SamMarie Tramedifa. The modification of the pharmaceutical storage shelf labeling involves assigning a unique number to each shelf, separating liquids by brand, providing alphabetical labeling, providing cold chain products labeling, providing labeling examples for precursor drugs and specific medications, and categorizing the type of medication on each shelf."

"ABSTRAKDalam rangka meningkatkan mutu hasil produksi kendaraanbermotor khususnya PT. National Assemblers yang bergerakdibidang peraki tan kendaraan sudah selayaknya melaksanakankegiatan dibidang pengawasan prodwrsi. Pengawasan inidlanggap panting artinya dalam rangka untuk memperoleh hasilproduksi yang sesuai dengan jumlah, mutu, waktu, bentukdan model dari kendaraan bermotor dengan tujuan perusahaanmemperoleh keuntungan yang wajar untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhankonsumen pada umumnya.Penulis rnerasa tertarik dan melakuk~n pene1itian padaPT. National Assemblers dengan mempergunakan metode pe~nelitian kepustakaan dan lapangan. Penelitian diarahlran padapengawasan produksi, tetapi ada masalah yang timbul sehubungandengan proses produksi. Masalah peng~wasan meliputipengawaeQn pereedi~an blhln, pengawaean meain-mesin yangdipergunakan dalam proses produksi, pengawasan tenaga kerjadan pengawasan proses produksi. Dalam hal ini perusahaan JUgamelaksanakan fungsi perencanaan dan pengawasan produksi.Berdasarkan fung&L perencanaan, PT. Nat~onal Assemblers memrI buat rencana berdasarkan pesanan yang dibuat oleh persekutuanpemasara.nnya yaitu PT. Nat~onal Motors, PT. Java Hotors,PT. Unicor Kalista dan PT Indo Nob~l Utama Dalam prosesnyapengawasan produksi yang dilaksanakan oleh PT. National

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"In this study, we explore the evolution of a corporate system by analyzing the case of production and employment structures in the Toyota Group. Our findings show that the production structure of the Toyota Group, which has been gradually affected by external, market, and institutional factors since the 1980s, transformed in 2009 from a domestic-oriented production structure to an overseas-oriented production structure. We also determined that since 2004, the domestic employment structure of the Toyota Motor Corporation has evolved to allow the flexible management of worker supply and demand through the hiring of nonregular workers, in response to the amendment to the Worker Dispatching Act. Consequently, the Toyota Group's production and employment structures have evolved to help secure channels that help the company flexibly adjust its output in response to abrupt economic fluctuations."

"Chitinase hydrolyzing chitin are produced by various organisms and their physiological functions depend on their sources...."

"Industri manufaktur otomotif Indonesia mengalami perkembangan yang semakin meningkat tiap tahunnya. Persaingan antar perusahaan otomotif juga semakin ketat dalam mempertahankan posisinya di industri otomotif. Setiap perusahaan manufaktur otomotif akan terus memastikan bahwa keunggulan kompetitif dipertahankan melalui kegiatan produksi sehari-hari. Efektifitas proses material handling dalam kegiatan produksi secara langsung juga dipengaruhi oleh tata letak produksi. Hadirnya model baru serta peningkatan volume produksi mengharuskan perusahaan untuk menghadirkan mesin-mesin baru yang digunakan dalam mendukung kegiatan produksi sehari-hari. Hal ini menjadikan penaataan letak mesin dalam lini produksi menjadi tidak teratur, terutama apabila tidak adanya pengecekan dan penilaian secara periodik. Dalam riset ini dilakukan analisis dan perbaikan rancangan tata letak produksi berdasarkan aspek keberlanjutan melalui metode Systematic Layout Planning, Algoritma Genetika, dan Discrete Event Simulation. Dari hasil perbaikan didapatkan perbaikan dalam hal jarak tempuh sebesar 1.971.197,42 m/thn dari sebelumnya sebesar 2.221.786,22 m/thn atau 13%. Untuk aspek ekonomis didapatkan penurunan biaya operasi sebesar Rp 7.353.000, - atau 11% dalam satu tahun dan untuk aspek lingkungan didapat pengurangan emisi karbon dari 16.283,19 kg/tahun menjadi sebesar 14.464,55 kg/tahun.

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Indonesia’ automotive manufacturing industri has been experiencing positive trends from year to year. The competition among automotive companies in maintaining their position in the industri also getting fierce. Every automotive manufacturing company will put their best effort to make sure that competitive advantage is maintained through daily production activity. Material handling process effectiveness in production activity is directly affected by production layout. The increasing of production quantity and new models forces company to install new machines in their production lines to support production activity. This situation has caused the machine arrangement in production line’ layout becomes unorganized, especially if there is no periodic assessment and review. This research conducts analysis and improvement of production layout based on sustainability through utilization of Systematic Layout Planning, Genetic Algorithm, and Discrete Event Simulation. Based on layout improvement, the result showed that there is reduction on annual material handling distance from 2.221.786,22 meter per year to 1.971.197,42 meter per year or 13%. For economical aspect, it shows that operational cost has reduced to be Rp 7.353.000, - annually. And lastly, for environmental aspect we found reduction in the amount of carbon emission from 16.283,19 kg/ year to 14.464,55 kg/ year."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis efektifitas refocusing kegiatan dan efisiensi realokasi anggaran di Pemerintah Kota Depok dalam upaya penanganan COVID-19 sesuai dengan amanat Instruksi Presiden 4/2020 dan diatur lebih lanjut dalam Keputusan Bersama Kementerian Keuangan dan Kementerian Dalam Negeri No. 119/2813/SJ No.177/KMK.07/2020. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi kasus dengan mengevaluasi dokumen anggaran beserta pelaksanaannya dan wawancara. Oleh karena itu, unit analisis dari penelitian ini yaitu mekanisme refocusing kegiatan dan realokasi anggaran, APBD setelah refocusing kegiatan dan realokasi anggaran, dan Kegiatan Penanganan COVID-19 Pemerintah Kota Depok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pemerintah Kota Depok sudah efektif dan efisien dalam pelaksanaan refocusing kegiatan dan realokasi anggaran. Hal ini dilihat dari telah sesuainya mekanisme dan rasionalisasi anggaran yang dihasilkan Pemerintah Depok dengan Keputusan Bersama tersebut. Kemudian untuk kegiatan penanganan COVID-19 secara umum berhasil dilaksanakan dan memiliki penyerapan anggaran yang tinggi. Untuk menekan laju pertumbuhan COVID-19 di Kota Depok, disarankan agar Pemerintah Kota Depok memperkuat strategi yang ada dengan melibatkan berbagai pihak baik internal maupun eksternal.

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This study analyzes the effectiveness of refocusing activities and the efficiency of budget reallocation in the Depok City Government is an effort to deal with COVID-19 in accordance with the mandate of Presidential Instruction 4/2020 and is further regulated in the Joint Decree of the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Home Affairs No. 119/2813/SJ No.177/KMK.07/2020. This research is a case study research by evaluating budget documents and their implementation and interviews. The unit of analysis for this research is the mechanism of activity refocusing and budget reallocation, APBD after activity refocusing and budget reallocation, and the Depok City Government COVID-19 handling activities. The results showed that the City Government of Depok was effective and efficient in the implementation of refocusing activities and budget reallocation. This can be seen from the suitability of the mechanism and budget rationalization produced by the Depok Government with the Joint Decree. Then for the handling of COVID-19 activities in general were successfully implemented and had high budget absorption. To reduce the growth rate of COVID-19 in Depok City, it is suggested that the Depok City Government strengthen its existing strategy by involving various parties, both internal and external."