Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan sistem pelumasan mesin utama pada kapal tanker melalui pendekatan Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) dalam rangka mendukung efisiensi energi dan dekarbonisasi sektor maritim. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode FMEA, FTA, RBD, FMECA, dan RCFA untuk mengidentifikasi mode kegagalan, jalur kritis, serta akar penyebab gangguan sistem. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pendingin oli merupakan komponen paling kritis dengan nilai RPN tertinggi, dan bahwa kombinasi fouling, penyumbatan, serta kegagalan deteksi dini berkontribusi signifikan terhadap penurunan performa sistem. Simulasi RBD mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan strategi pemeliharaan berbasis kondisi dapat meningkatkan reliabilitas sistem secara signifikan. Rekomendasi mencakup penerapan Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM), pemasangan sensor monitoring real-time, dan penggunaan perangkat lunak RCM adaptif. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi strategi pemeliharaan berbasis keandalan mampu meningkatkan performa sistem propulsi sekaligus mendukung tujuan lingkungan dan keselamatan operasional kapal.

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This study aims to optimize the main engine lubrication system of oil tankers using a Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) approach to support energy efficiency and maritime sector decarbonization. The analysis was conducted using FMEA, FTA, RBD, FMECA, and RCFA methods to identify failure modes, critical paths, and root causes of system disturbances. Results indicate that the oil cooler is the most critical component with the highest RPN value, and that a combination of fouling, blockage, and inadequate early detection significantly contributes to performance degradation. RBD simulation shows that improving condition-based maintenance strategies can significantly enhance system reliability. Recommendations include implementing Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM), installing real-time monitoring sensors, and utilizing adaptive RCM software. These findings demonstrate that integrating reliability-based maintenance strategies can enhance propulsion system performance while supporting environmental goals and operational safety.