Latar Belakang: Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) merupakan masalah yang sangat lazim pada kehamilan di dunia. Selain insufisiensi plasenta, penyebab lain adalah defisiensi nutrisi. Pada negara berkembang seperti Indonesia, konsumsi karbohidrat tetap tinggi sedangkan protein masih rendah. Asam amino sebagai komponen dasar dari setiap protein sangat berperan dalam pertumbuhan janin. Defisiensi asam amino pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan prevalensi IUGR. Namun, hanya ada beberapa penelitian tentang dampak masing-masing asam amino pada IUGR. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar asam amino serum ibu pada IUGR dan kehamilan normal.Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional dilakukan pada ibu hamil tunggal yang menjalani pemeriksaan kehamilan trimester III di RSUD dr. Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Cipto Mangunkusumo, Indonesia selama periode September 2019 sampai Januari 2020. Subyek dengan IUGR atau kehamilan normal dimasukkan. Subyek dengan preeklamsia, diabetes gestasional, intervensi nutrisi, infeksi kronis, perokok, atau kelainan kongenital janin dieksklusikan. Berbagai kadar asam amino esensial dan non esensial ditentukan dari masing-masing subjek.Hasil: Sebanyak 50 subjek (30 normal dan 20 IUGR) direkrut untuk penelitian. Tingkat asam amino ibu yang lebih tinggi pada kehamilan IUGR diamati pada valin, metionin, isoleusin, leusin, dan sistein (p <0,05) sedangkan tingkat yang lebih rendah diamati pada arginin, aspartat, dan serin (p <0,05).Kesimpulan: Beberapa asam amino esensial kecuali arginin lebih tinggi pada IUGR, sedangkan asam amino non-esensial kecuali sistein lebih rendah pada IUGR.

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Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a highly prevalent problem on pregnancies in the world. Besides placental insufficiency, other etiology is nutritional deficiency. On developing countries such as Indonesia, consumption of carbohydrate remains high while protein remains low. Amino acid as the basic component of every protein highly contributes to fetal growth. Deficiency of amino acids would eventually increase the prevalence of IUGR. However, there is only a few studies on the impact of each amino acids on IUGR. This study aims to determine the level of maternal serum amino acids on IUGR and normal pregnancy.

Methods: An analytic observational study using cross sectional design was done on women with singleton pregnancy who was having third trimester antenatal care at dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Indonesia during the period of September 2019 to January 2020. Subjects with IUGR or normal pregnancy were included. Subjects with preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, nutrition intervention, chronic infections, smoker, or fetal congenital anomaly were excluded. Various essential and non-essential amino acids level were determined from each subject.

Results: A total of 50 subjects (30 normal and 20 IUGR) was recruited to the study. Higher maternal amino acids level in IUGR pregnancy was observed on valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, and cysteine (p < 0.05) while lower level was observed on arginine, aspartate, and serine (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Some amino acids essential except arginine were higher in IUGR, whereas non-essential amino acids except cysteine was lower in IUGR.