Almost three decades after the pioneering work of Esmara (1975), technology has not yet received enough attention as a determinant of regional disparities in Indonesia. This paper views technological transfer as the main driver of convergence in regional income. As suggested by the old and new growth theory, we found that technology plays a significant role in explaining cross-province differences in growth rates. We also found that government policies have a significant influence in promoting technological diffusion among the regions, and hence on rapid and sustainable regional economic growth.