Paparan debu keramik yang mengandung silika bebas di lingkungan kerja pabrik keramik Inerupakan faktor resiko untuk terjadinya penyakit pare akibat kerja. Untuk mencegah timbulnya penyakit pneumokoniosis perlu dilakukan upaya pemantauan secara khusus dan berkelanjutan terhadap para pekerja melalui pemeriksaan kesehatan secara berkala dan pemantauan terhadap lingkungan kerja. Penelitian terhadap tenaga kerja pabrik kerami; di Cikarang dilakukan pada 66 pekerja laki-laki, dengan metode krosseksional., terdiri dari 31 orang dare bagian pembuatan badan keramik dan 35 orang dad bagian pengepakan. Penelitian lingkungan kerja dilakukan dengan mengukur kadar debu total, kadar debu respirable dan kadar silika bebas di bagian pembuatan badan keramik dan di bagian pengepakan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan fungsi paru dan pemeriksaan foto toraks.
Hasil dan kesimpulan: Didapatkan prevalensi batuk kronik 4,5%, bronkitis kronik 4,5%, dahak kronik 4,5%, kelainan radiologi paru 10,6% dan restriksi 47% di pabrik tsb. Dibagian pembuatan badan keramik, kadar debu total, kadar debu respirable dan kadar silika bebas melebihi NAB yang ditetapkan. Tidak ditemukan hubungan antara kelainan fungsi pare dengan faktor-faktor umur, pendidikan, status gizi, masa kerja, kebiasaan merokok, kebiasaan memakai alat pelindung diri. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan prevalensi batuk kronik, bronkitis kronik, restriksi dan kelainan radiologi dengan tingkat paparan.
Scope and Methodology
Exposure to ceramic dust which contains free silica in a ceramic factory is a risk factor for occupational lung diseases. To prevent pneumoconiosis, specific and continuous monitoring of the workers through periodic health examinations and work environment measuring is very important. A study on 66 by ceramic factory workers consisting of 31 men from ceramic-body preparation division and 35 men from packaging division in Cikarang using cross-sectional method has been conducted. The work environment study was done by measuring total dust contamination, respirable dust, and free silica in ceramic-body preparation division and packaging division. Data collection was done by interviews, physical examination, lung function test and X-ray examination.
Results : The prevalence of chronic cough were 4,5 %, chronic bronchitis 4,5 %, changes in lung radiologic 10,6 % and restriction 47 %. The total dust concentration, respirable dust and the free silica concentration was found to exceed the permissible limit in ceramic-body preparation division. No relation was found between lung function changes, age, education, nutrition condition, work period, smoking habits and mask users habits. No significant different in the prevalence of chronic cough, chronic-bronchitis, restriction and radiologic changes was found different level of dust exposure.