This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First CCF Conference, NLPCC 2012, held in Beijing, China, during October/November, 2012. The 43 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 151 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on applications on language computing, fundamentals on language computing, machine translation and multi-lingual information access, NLP for search, ads and social networks, question answering and web mining.