In summing up, something must be said first of Hemingway's vision of life, as it is reflected in his short stories and no_vels. Hemingway saw life as a struggle against unconquerable forces that were beyond the power and control of man. In this struggle, man is often defeated but what counts is the manner in which he acquits himself.It was not by chance that Hemingway stumbled on this vi_sion as the philosophy that underlies his writings. From his early biography 1 it is clear that the vision was a result of his ow i personal experiences during his youth in the Midwest of the United States and the wars he participated in as com_batant or journalist. These experiences led to his almost ob_sessive preoccupation with the realities of death and violence. The next logical step were the values and the principles by which a man should live in order to meet the challenges of life with honour and dignity...